Diesel engine, referred to as diesel engine.

The following is a detailed introduction to diesel engines:
Basic Information
Definition: A diesel engine, abbreviated as diesel engine, is a type of compression ignition internal combustion engine that uses diesel as fuel, belonging to the compression ignition engine category, also known as the Diesel engine.
Inventor: Dr. Rudolf Diesel from Germany, who obtained the patent for "The Operating Process and Structural Types of Internal Combustion Engines" in 1893, and released the first working diesel engine in 1897.
Working Principle
Intake Stroke: The intake valve opens, the exhaust valve closes, air is drawn into the cylinder through the intake valve, then the intake valve closes, and the intake stroke ends when the piston reaches the bottom dead center.
Compression Stroke: The piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, both valves are closed, the air in the cylinder is compressed, increasing temperature and pressure, providing conditions for combustion, and the compression stroke ends when the piston reaches the top dead center.
Power Stroke: Before the end of the compression stroke, the injector sprays fuel into the cylinder, mixing with air to form combustible gas that ignites spontaneously, generating high temperature and high pressure to push the piston down to the bottom dead center and drive the crankshaft to do work. The pressure in the cylinder drops until the exhaust valve opens when the piston reaches the bottom dead center.
Exhaust Stroke: After the work is done, the gas in the cylinder has become exhaust gas, the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the exhaust valve opens, the intake valve closes, and the piston expels the exhaust gas from the cylinder. The exhaust stroke ends when the piston reaches the top dead center.

Basic Structure
Crankshaft Connecting Rod Mechanism: The main components include the piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, flywheel, etc. Its function is to convert the thermal energy generated by the combustion of fuel in the cylinder into mechanical energy of the crankshaft's rotation, transforming the reciprocating linear motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the crankshaft.
Valve Mechanism: Opens and closes the intake and exhaust valves at the appropriate times according to the working order of the cylinders, ensuring the normal operation of the engine.
Fuel System: Composed of fuel tank, fuel filter, oil pump, injector, etc., supplying the cylinder with the appropriate amount of fuel according to the timing required for the internal combustion engine's operation. The electronically controlled fuel injection system of the diesel engine can be divided into position control, time control, and pressure - time control stages, among which the pressure - time control electronically controlled fuel injection system is the common rail fuel injection system.
Lubrication System: Provides lubricating oil to various moving parts of the engine to reduce friction and wear, while also serving to cool, clean, and prevent rust.
Cooling System: Removes the heat generated during engine operation through a cooling medium (such as water or coolant), preventing the engine from overheating and ensuring it operates within a normal temperature range.
Starting System: Used to start the engine, usually composed of a starter motor, battery, starting switch, etc.